Which practice can help in maintaining soil fertility?

Crop rotation is a sustainable agricultural practice that significantly contributes to maintaining soil fertility. By alternating the types of crops grown in a particular area from season to season, farmers can enhance soil health and nutrient levels. Different crops have varying nutrient requirements and contribute different organic matter to the soil. For example, leguminous plants, such as beans and peas, can fix nitrogen in the soil, replenishing this essential nutrient that other crops may deplete. This natural cycling of nutrients helps to prevent soil degradation, reduce the risk of pest and disease buildup, and promote a balanced ecosystem in the soil.

In contrast, practices like overgrazing, monoculture, and excessive tillage tend to deplete soil nutrients and can lead to erosion and other forms of soil degradation. Overgrazing can lead to a reduction in plant cover, resulting in soil erosion and nutrient loss. Monoculture can deplete specific nutrients and increase vulnerability to diseases and pests due to the lack of biodiversity. Excessive tillage disrupts soil structure and compacts it, which can ultimately harm the soil's fertility and its ability to retain moisture and nutrients. Therefore, crop rotation stands out as a beneficial practice for maintaining soil fertility.