What is the term that describes the proportion and size of soil particles?

The term that refers to the proportion and size of soil particles is texture. Soil texture is essential because it influences various soil properties, including water retention, drainage, aeration, and nutrient availability. It is typically classified based on the relative amounts of sand, silt, and clay present in the soil. The texture impacts how soil behaves in different agricultural contexts, affecting plant growth, root development, and the effectiveness of irrigation practices. Understanding soil texture is crucial for making informed decisions regarding soil management and crop selection.

Composition focuses on the chemical constituents of soil, such as organic matter and minerals, rather than the physical size and arrangement of particles. Structure refers to the arrangement of soil particles into aggregates, which can affect aeration and root penetration but does not define the particle size itself. Permeability deals with the ability of soil to transmit water and air, linked to both texture and structure, but it does not directly indicate the size proportions of soil particles.